Vatican City is one of the world’s smallest countries but is home to the world’s largest church by interior size – the St Peter’s Basilica.
The basilica is enormous and measures 218 metres in length and 136 metres in height, including the dome.
It covers an area of 15,160 square metres, making it the biggest Catholic church by interior size.
The dome was designed by Michelangelo and is one of the most famous features that dominates the skyline of Rome.
The history of St Peter’s Basilica goes back centuries. The original church was built in the 4th century by Emperor Constantine over what is believed to be the tomb of St Peter, one of Jesus Christ’s apostles.
However, by the 15th century, the old church had become worn down and needed a serious uplift.
Pope Julius II decided to rebuild it, and construction began in the 16th century.
Renowned artists like Bramante, Raphael and Michelangelo played big parts in designing and building the new basilica.
Michelangelo took over the project in 1546 and was responsible for the completion of the grand dome.
Inside St Peter’s Basilica, visitors can see many priceless works of art. Michelangelo’s ‘Pieta’ is one of the most well-known pieces and shows the Virgin Mary holding the body of Christ.
On top of that, there is a huge bronze baldachin by Bernini that stands over the main altar and St Peter’s tomb.
The structure is supported by four spiral columns and is one of the most recognisable features inside the church.
The basilica also has multiple chapels and monuments that are filled with sculptures and artwork.
However, the country where the Basilica stands is a complete contrast when it comes to size.
Vatican City is tiny and covers only 0.44 square kilometres, making it smaller than Central Park in New York City.
Despite its size, it is an independent country established by the Lateran Treaty in 1929.
It has around 800 residents, including the Pope, clergy and the Swiss Guards who provide security.
